空壓機油如何選用？

根據壓縮機油的設計類(lèi)型、環(huán)境條件、操作負荷選擇空壓機油的類(lèi)型，一般情況下，長(cháng)期高溫環(huán)境(%26gt;30℃)下，選用L－DAB油，高速水冷或低壓、小壓縮比的壓縮機可選用低粘度壓縮機油。

The type of air compressor oil is selected according to the design type, environmental conditions and operating load of compressor oil. Generally, L-DAB oil is selected under long-term high temperature environment (%; 26gt; 30 ℃), and low viscosity compressor oil is selected for high-speed water-cooled or low-pressure compressor with small compression ratio.

1. 基礎油質(zhì)量要高

1. The quality of base oil should be high

壓縮機油的基礎油可分為礦物油型和合成油型兩大類(lèi)。礦物油型壓縮機油的生產(chǎn)一般經(jīng)溶劑精制、溶劑脫蠟、加氫或白土補充精制等工藝得到基礎油，再加入多種添加劑調合而成。

The base oil of compressor oil can be divided into mineral oil type and synthetic oil type. The production of mineral oil type compressor oil is generally made by solvent refining, solvent dewaxing, hydrogenation or clay supplementary refining, and then mixed with a variety of additives.

壓縮機油的基礎油一般要占成品油的95%以上，因此基礎油的質(zhì)量?jì)?yōu)劣直接關(guān)系到壓縮機油成品油的質(zhì)量水平，而基礎油的質(zhì)量又與其精制深度有著(zhù)直接關(guān)系。精制深度深的基礎油，其重芳烴、膠質(zhì)含量就少。殘炭低，抗氧劑的感受性就好，基礎油的質(zhì)量就高，它在壓縮機系統中積炭?jì)A向小，油水分離性好，使用壽命相對就長(cháng)一些。

The base oil of compressor oil generally accounts for more than 95% of the product oil, so the quality of base oil is directly related to the quality level of compressor oil product oil, and the quality of base oil is directly related to its refining depth. The base oil with deep refining has less heavy aromatics and gum. Low carbon residue, good sensitivity of antioxidant, high quality of base oil, low carbon deposition tendency in compressor system, good oil-water separation, and relatively long service life.

2. 基礎油餾分要窄

2. The base oil fraction should be narrow

研究壓縮機油的工況認為：改善基礎油構成是提高壓縮機油質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵性因素。由輕、重兩種組分調合成的壓縮機油注入壓縮機氣缸后，其中的輕組分因揮發(fā)性過(guò)強而提前離開(kāi)工作部位影響潤滑效果，而其中的重組分則因揮發(fā)性差，完成工作任務(wù)后不能迅速離開(kāi)工作工作部位，長(cháng)而久之在熱與氧的作用下易生成積炭。因此，在這樣的工況下，潤滑油應選用窄餾分的組分油，不應選用多種餾分混合的組分油。

The working condition of compressor oil is studied. It is considered that improving the composition of base oil is the key factor to improve the quality of compressor oil. After the compressor oil mixed by light and heavy components is injected into the compressor cylinder, the light components leave the working part ahead of time due to strong volatility, which affects the lubrication effect, while the heavy components cannot leave the working part quickly after completing the task due to poor volatility, which is easy to form carbon deposit under the action of heat and oxygen for a long time. Therefore, under such working conditions, the lubricating oil should choose the component oil with narrow fraction instead of the component oil mixed with multiple fractions.

3. 粘度要適宜

3. The viscosity should be appropriate

在動(dòng)力潤滑的條件下，油膜厚度隨油品的粘度提高而增加，但摩擦力亦隨油品粘度的提高而增加。粘度過(guò)低的潤滑油不易形成足夠強的油膜，會(huì )加速磨損，縮短機件的使用壽命。反之，潤滑油粘度過(guò)高，會(huì )加大內摩擦力，使壓縮機的比功率增大，以致增大功耗和油耗，也會(huì )在活塞環(huán)槽內、氣閥上、排氣通道內等處形成沉積物。

Under the condition of dynamic lubrication, the film thickness increases with the increase of oil viscosity, but the friction also increases with the increase of oil viscosity. Low viscosity lubricating oil is not easy to form strong enough oil film, which will accelerate wear and shorten the service life of parts. On the contrary, if the viscosity of the lubricating oil is too high, the internal friction will be increased, the specific power of the compressor will be increased, so that the power consumption and oil consumption will be increased, and deposits will be formed in the piston ring groove, the air valve and the exhaust passage.